Change Text Case With UPPER And LOWER

Convert string values to all uppercase or all lowercase using `UPPER` and `LOWER`.

5/5 supported engines validation-green 1 example 2 scenarios

Docker-validated Not currently validation-green

Example 1

Display names in both uppercase and lowercase

The stored values are unchanged — UPPER and LOWER only affect the query output. Use them in a WHERE clause like WHERE LOWER(name) = 'alice smith' for case-insensitive lookups that work regardless of how data was stored.

Source table data Rows loaded before the example query runs.

Setup

CREATE TABLE users (id INT, name VARCHAR(50));

INSERT INTO
  users (id, name)
VALUES
  (1, 'alice smith'),
  (2, 'BOB JONES');

Validated query Shared across supported engines.

SQL

SELECT
  id,
  UPPER(name) AS upper_name,
  LOWER(name) AS lower_name
FROM
  users
ORDER BY
  id;

Expected result Returned rows for the shared example.

id	upper_name	lower_name
1	ALICE SMITH	alice smith
2	BOB JONES	bob jones

Output is identical across all engines.

Useful when

Where this command helps.

normalizing string case before comparison or display
performing case-insensitive lookups on inconsistently stored data

Explanation

What the command is doing.

UPPER(string) returns the string with all characters converted to uppercase. LOWER(string) does the same for lowercase. These functions are most useful for normalizing strings before comparisons — for example, LOWER(email) = LOWER(input) performs a case-insensitive match without relying on collation settings.

Change Text Case With UPPER And LOWER

Display names in both uppercase and lowercase

Where this command helps.

What the command is doing.

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